CVE-2025-48946

liboqs is a C-language cryptographic library that provides implementations of post-quantum cryptography algorithms. liboqs prior to version 0.13.0 supports the HQC algorithm, an algorithm with a theoretical design flaw which leads to large numbers of malformed ciphertexts sharing the same implicit rejection value. Currently, no concrete attack on the algorithm is known. However, prospective users of HQC must take extra care when using the algorithm in protocols involving key derivation. In particular, HQC does not provide the same security guarantees as Kyber or ML-KEM. There is currently no patch for the HQC flaw available in liboqs, so HQC is disabled by default in liboqs starting from version 0.13.0. OQS will update its implementation after the HQC team releases an updated algorithm specification.

The following products are affected by CVE-2025-48946 vulnerability.

Here, you will find a curated list of external links that provide in-depth information to CVE-2025-48946.

URL	Resource
https://durumcrustulum.com/2024/02/24/how-to-hold-kems/#hqc
https://github.com/open-quantum-safe/liboqs/commit/a7d698ca9c9d98990647459253183cbe29c550af
https://github.com/open-quantum-safe/liboqs/security/advisories/GHSA-3rxw-4v8q-9gq5
https://groups.google.com/a/list.nist.gov/g/pqc-forum/c/Wiu4ZQo3fP80
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-48946
https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-48946